Background: The nutrient that we eat throughout the twenty-four hours has energy for our organic structures to utilize. The nutrient content of nutrient is given in Calories. which is 1000 Calories. and is frequently known in Calories. A Calorie is the sum of heat. energy. needed to raise the temperature of one gm of H2O by one grade Celsius. You can mensurate the Calorie content of nutrient by illuming a bite on fire and seting a sample of H2O above the fire. while leting the H2O sample to derive the heat from the fire. The heat absorbed by the H2O from the fire will raise the temperature of the H2O. Whatever heat gained by the H2O was lost by the combustion nutrient. This allows us to happen energy content of common bite nutrients in our mundane lives. Aim: To find the energy content in assorted bite nutrients. and compare consequences to the manufacturer’s informations. Materials:

Balance
Assorted bite nutrients: ( pecans. Cheetos. Fritos. Cheez-it. marshmallow. murphy bit. Popcorn. ) Weigh boats
Cork stoppers
Wire paper cartridge holders
Empty sodium carbonate can
Tap H2O
Graduated cylinder
Ringing base with ring clinch
Thermometer
Aluminum foil
Tongss

Safety: Observe and cognize all the safety regulations. Wear goggles. Tie long hair back and take off the loose apparels. Practice cautiousness when working with unfastened fire. Heated points will be hot… handle carefully. Don’t eat any nutrient in the lab.

Prediction: I predict that the marshmallow will incorporate the highest sum of Calories because it contains the most sugar and it is different from all the others in composing.

Hypothesis: If we use a calorimeter to find the Calories in assorted nutrients. so the marshmallow will hold the highest thermal content because it contains the highest sum of sugar.

Procedure:
1. Before you begin. do certain the ring base base and your lab benches are covered in aluminium foil and set a glass splash rod between the sodium carbonates can to rest on the ring base base. 2. Topographic point 100 milliliter of H2O in the calibrated cylinder and set it into the empty sodium carbonate can. 3. Assume the denseness of the H2O is 1g/mL and enter the mass of the H2O in the informations tabular array. 4. Take the temperature of the H2O and put it in the informations tabular array. 5. Find the mass of an empty weigh boat and set it in the informations tabular array. 6. Get the first mass of the first bite point to be tested and put in the informations tabular array. 7. Slowly and peacefully put the bite point on the cork and paper cartridge holder stand you constructed. and topographic point it under the can. 8. Put the can with H2O in it on the ring base base. so it is precisely 2cm over the snack point. 9. Light the bite point under the can and do certain the fire is all around the can. 10. Equally shortly as the fire dies down. stir the H2O gently and acquire the temperature of the H2O and put it in the informations tabular array. 11. Find the temperature alteration and set it in the informations tabular array. 12. Using the tongs and cautiousness. pour the hot H2O down he drop. 13. To take the C black from the H2O of the can. pass over it with a wet paper towel. 14. Using the original weigh boat find the new mass of the burned bite nutrient point. 15. Find the alteration in mass of the bite nutrient point.

16. Repeat stairss 2-14 for the remainder of the bite nutrient points. 17. Last. clean the C black off the can with a damp paper towel.

Datas Table:

Food| Mass| Water T1| Water T2| Final Mass| Temp Change| Cheez-it|
1. 022g| 20? C| 28?C| 0. 054g| 8?C|
Potato Chip| 1. 89g| 20?C| 29?C| 0. 331g| 9?C|
Cheetos| 2. 056g| 20?C| 41?C| 0. 281g| 21?C|
Marshmallow| 7. 323g| 22?C| 29. 5?C| 6. 056g| 7. 5?C| Frito| . 923g| 22?C| 30?C| 0. 278g| 8?C|
Popcorn| 2. 001| 20?C| 30?C| 0. 177g| 10?C|

Calculations: Kilogram calories absorbed by H2O
1. 100g*1cal/gram? C* ( 28-20 ) = 800 Calories
2. 100g*1cal/gram? C* ( 29-20 ) =900 Calories
3. 100g*1cal/gram? C* ( 41-20 ) =2100 Calories
4. 100g*1cal/gram? C* ( 29. 5-22 ) =750 Calories
5. 100g*1cal/gram? C* ( 30-22 ) =800 Calories
6. 100g*1cal/gram? C* ( 30-20 ) =1000 Calories

Thermal Content:
1. 800cal/ . 054g= 14814. 81 calories/gram
2. 900cal/ . 331g=2719. 03 calories/gram
3. 2100cal/ . 281g=7473. 31 calories/gram
4. 750cal/6. 506g=115. 27 calories/gram
5. 800cal/ . 278g=2877 calories/gram
6. 1000cal/ . 177g=5649. 72 calories/gram

Kilo Calories per gm:
1. 14814. 81/1000=14. 81 Calories/gram
2. 2719. 03/1000=2. 72 Calories/gram
3. 7473. 31/1000=7. 47 Calories/gram
4. 115. 27/1000= . 11527 Calories/gram
5. 2877/1000=2. 877 Calories/gram
6. 5649. 72/1000=5. 65 Calories/gram

Food| Calories absorbed by water| Caloric Content| Kilocalories per gram| Manufacturers label claim| Manufacturers data| Cheez-it| 800 calories| 14814. 81 calories/gram| 14. 81 Calories/gram| 150 Cal/ 30. 0g serving| 5 Cal/g| Potato Chip| 900 calories| 2719. 03 calories/gram|
2. 72 Calories/gram| 150Cal/28. 0g serving| 5. 35Cal/g| Cheetos| 2100 calories| 7473. 31 calories/gram| 7. 47 Calories/gram| 150Cal/28. 0g serving| 5. 35Cal/g| Marshmallow| 750 calories| 115. 27 calories/gram| . 11527 Calories/gram| 90Cal/28. 0g serving| 3. 21Cal/g| Frito| 800 calories| 2877 calories/gram| 2. 877 Calories/gram| 160Cal/28g serving| 5. 71Cal/g| Popcorn| 1000 calories| 5649. 72 calories/gram| 5. 65 Calories/gram| 150Cal/28. 0g serving| 5. 35Cal/g| Pecan| | | | 213Cal/30g serving| 7. 1Cal/g|

Analysis Questions:
1. Pecans had the highest Calorie per gm or thermal content when burned. This does non back up my anticipation because I predicted the marshmallow to hold the highest thermal content. 2. No it does non because some of the heat was released into the air from the fire because it was non straight under the sample of H2O. 3. The chief beginning of energy for all the bite nutrient samples is the Sun from where the environments these nutrients came from. 4. My consequences for the Calories per gms were really different from the consequences of those of the manufacturer’s informations. Merely the consequence of the Zea mays everta and Cheetos were similar in comparing to the manufacture’s informations consequences. 5. Some of the beginnings of mistake were the base with the bite nutrient on it tipping over and the fire non being wholly under the can with H2O in it. Besides. after the bite nutrient was burned. it might hold fell over and pieces of the ash broke away and the scientists were unable to mensurate the right terminal mass.

6. The betterments we could hold made would hold been to make a stronger and more hardy base for the bite nutrient to rest on to maintain it from tipping over. besides puting the firing bite nutrient wholly under the can to heat it to the soap and in conclusion. non tip the base base of the bite nutrient sample. 7. It was suggested to pass over off the C black to maintain your custodies from acquiring dirty and that would take to polluting the bite nutrient samples and bring forthing wrong informations. 8. Industries determine calorie content of nutrient by utilizing assorted methods of heat calorimetry and combustion to find the Calorie content of nutrient. The expression at certain qualities like how long it takes for the sample to fire. the colour of the fire and the temperature alteration of the H2O or the object itself. Besides firing the object in a gas and entering the temperature alteration with really advanced and accurate engineering to find the thermal content. 9. Our group did non utilize nuts.

10. Yes. nuts could be used as a fuel beginning because they produced the most Calories and had the highest sum of energy given off which would be an eco-friendly manner of driving from topographic point to topographic point. They are non a fuel beginning because we would run out of this beginning to rapidly and it is non a dependable beginning.

Summary:
For this thermal lab we found the thermal content. temperature alteration. multitudes. and Calories per gm and Calories per gm of seven mundane bite nutrients. We took the temperature and mass of the H2O and the same for the bites and so burned the pleasurably looking bite nutrients. We placed the firing object under a can with 100mL of H2O in it to enter the sum of heat given off from the nutrient and gained by the H2O. This so allowed us to happen the figure of Calories and the thermal content of each point and compare it with the consequences of the professionals. Overall the information consequences I received were a spot far off from what that existent thing was. Our consequences were higher and lower than that of the existent industry workers.

For Fritos we received consequences of ( 2. 877 Calories/gram ) . while the existent consequence should hold been closer to ( 5. 71Cal/g ) . Besides the consequences of the cheez-it were a whopping ( 14. 81 Calories/gram ) . while the existent thing was ( 5 Cal/g ) . The beginnings of mistake played a large portion in the consequences of our informations. We didn’t have the bite nutrient wholly under the can for the first two bites and after the cheez-it was finished firing it broke and we may non hold collected all the ashes of the experiment. The consequences of the information showed that it rejected my hypothesis as I thought the marshmallow would hold the highest thermal content because of its high concentration in sugar. We found out that the healthiest bite on our list had the highest thermal content traveling manner beyond the others ( 213Cal/30g functioning ) . This lab showed us how to happen the thermal content of certain objects in mundane life and that merely because it looks healthy doesn’t intend it is.