Summary This experiment aimed to find the reaction clip of the trial participant and utilizing the subtractive method place the choice clip and designation clip of the participant. The experiments had one participant who participated in a sum of 6 experiments ; two experiments required a simple reaction with a individual stimulation and 4 experiments that required a more complicated reaction. Keywords Subtractive method – the process of gauging the clip it takes to execute assorted cognitive operations.

Simple reaction – this reaction clip undertaking has a individual stimulation and requires merely a individual reaction Choice reaction – In this reaction clip undertaking there are more than one stimulation and more than one response. Each stimulation has its ain response. Donders A B and C reactions – In this reaction clip undertaking there is more than one stimulation but merely one stimulation is linked with a response. Introduction Donders A B and C reactions have been used to find the clip it takes to execute cognitive operations for rather some clip now.

In these experiments we aimed to utilize light and sound stimulations in the react clip undertakings to find single base clip. Designation clip and choice clip. Using one female college pupil ( 23 old ages ) and one individual entering the different reaction times. The experiments took topographic point over a period of two yearss. with the first experiment taking topographic point on one afternoon and the following 5 experiments a hebdomad subsequently in the afternoon once more. 2. Methods 2. 2 Apparatus and stuffs.

One pen and paper to enter reaction times. one Reaction undertaking machine which came equipped with earphones for sound stimulations. a screen for ocular stimulations and a panel of buttons colored ruddy. yellow and viridity for responses. 2. 3 Procedure Pilot Test The participant stood on the reaction undertaking side of the machine and set on the earphones after holding been already instructed to press the ruddy button when they heard both sound and ocular stimulation.

The perceiver so set the machine to fly trial. simple reaction trial and selected the colour ruddy. The perceiver so gave a ocular signal to the participant to allow them cognize the experiment was about to get down. In this pilot test the participant was required to press the ruddy button each clip they saw the ruddy visible radiation flash when it was accompanied with a voice that said ruddy. At the terminal of a trial a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over.

The visible radiation and sound stimulations were given for a sum of 20 times if the participant did non do any errors ( that is pressed the ruddy but merely when both stimulations were given ) so the pilot trial was completed successfully. if non the machine would reset itself and would hold to be set once more and the trial would be administered once more. This phase was besides a learning stage for both participants and perceivers as both were utilizing this type of machine for the first clip. Experiment 1.

The participant stood on the trial side of the machine and set on a brace of earphones after holding been already instructed they were required to press the ruddy button each clip they saw a ruddy visible radiation. The perceiver so set the machine to existent trial. selected simple reaction and selected the colour ruddy. . There was no signal given to the participant as to when precisely the experiment would get down by the perceiver but they were told to be ready every bit shortly as they saw the light the experiment had begun.

At the terminal of the experiment a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over. The stimulation that required a reaction in the experiment was given 19 times and the experiment was merely complete if the participant made no errors. Each reaction clip was noted by the perceiver. Experiment 2 The participant stood on the trial side of the machine and set on a brace of earphones after holding been already instructed they were required to press the ruddy button merely when they saw the ruddy visible radiation flash across the light panel.

The participant was instructed non to press a button for any other coloring material. The perceiver so set the machine to existent trial. selected choice reaction and pressed the clear coloring material button every bit good as the ruddy. . There was no signal given to the participant as to when precisely the experiment would get down by the perceiver but they were told to be ready every bit shortly as they saw the light the experiment had begun. The stimulation that required a reaction in the experiment was given 19 times and the experiment was merely complete if the participant made no errors.

At the terminal of the experiment a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over. Each reaction clip was noted by the perceiver. Experiment 3 The participant stood on the trial side of the machine and set on a brace of earphones after holding been already instructed to press the button that corresponded with the coloring material they saw flash across the screen i. e. see green visible radiation. imperativeness green button. There was no signal given to the participant as to when precisely the experiment would get down by the perceiver but they were told to be ready every bit shortly as they saw the light the experiment had begun.

At the terminal of the experiment a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over. The stimulation that required a reaction in the experiment was given 19 times and the experiment was merely complete if the participant made no errors. Each reaction clip was noted by the perceiver. Experiment 4 The participant stood on the trial side of the machine and set on a brace of earphones after holding been already instructed to press merely the ruddy button when they heard the high frequence sound.

The perceiver so set the machine to existent trial. simple reaction trial and selected high frequence sound. There was no signal given to the participant as to when precisely the experiment would get down by the perceiver but they were told to be ready every bit shortly as they heard the sound the experiment had begun. At the terminal of the experiment a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over. The stimulation that required a reaction in the experiment was given 19 times and the experiment was merely complete if the participant made no errors.

Each reaction clip was noted by the perceiver. Experiment 5 The participant stood on the trial side of the machine and set on a brace of earphones after holding been already instructed to press the ruddy button merely when they heard the high frequence sound. The perceiver so set the machine to existent trial. pick reaction trial and selected all the frequences. There was no signal given to the participant as to when precisely the experiment would get down by the perceiver but they were told to be ready every bit shortly as they heard the sound the experiment had begun.

At the terminal of the experiment a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over. The stimulation that required a reaction in the experiment was given 19 times and the experiment was merely complete if the participant made no errors. Each reaction clip was noted by the perceiver. Experiment 6 The participant stood on the trial side of the machine and set on a pir of earphones after holding been already instructed to press the button that corresponded with the frequence of sound they heard. i. e. high frequency= ruddy button. in-between frequency=green button and low frequency=yellow button.

The perceiver so set the machine to existent trial. pick reaction trial and selected all the frequences. This clip there was no manus signal given to the participant by the perceiver but they were told to be ready every bit shortly as they heard the sound the experiment had begun. At the terminal of the experiment a manus signal was given by the perceiver to the participant to allow them cognize the undertaking was over. The stimulation that required a reaction in the experiment was given 19 times and the experiment was merely complete if the participant made no errors. Each reaction clip was noted by the perceiver.