Language is the agencies of communicating. The most common manner of showing an thought for people is to state it out loud. Language enables people to understand each other. At the same minute linguistic communication can be a major barrier to apprehension because there are 1000s of different linguistic communications on our planet. From the earliest clip, with the development of trade and exchange of thoughts and techniques people saw the necessity of larning foreign linguistic communications. Egyptian Pharaoh had Scribes and translators at their disposal.

A linguistic communication that is used as a agency of communicating by people of different states is called international. International linguistic communication helps people of different states to understand each other. Different era had different international linguistic communications. As a regulation the being of the linguistic communication as an international one is determined by political, cultural and economic development of the state which linguistic communication is spoken as international.

International linguistic communication is non the phenomenon of our age merely. The first international linguistic communication appeared on the Earth with the birth of civilization. The Biblical myth about the mixture of linguistic communications during the building of the Babylon Tower, when the people lost their cosmopolitan linguistic communication and therefore could non pass on, was a contemplation of how dearly the people of ancient periods held the gift of address and apprehension. Ever since those times the foreign linguistic communications and people who knew them played a important portion in the development of international dealingss and trade of different states.

The first international linguistic communication that we know about was the linguistic communication of the Phoenicians. The Phoenicians were a state of hardworking merchandisers and brave mariners who settled originally on the district of the Lebanon. Their trading ships travelled across the Mediterranean, they frequently appeared in Egypt, Italy, and Greece, they voyaged across the Indian and Atlantic oceans. They were the first to round the Cape of Good Hope, the southernmost point of Africa. The Phoenicians were the first to make the alphabet, that subsequently was borrowed by the Greeks. It is non surprising in this context that Phoenician was the international linguistic communication for many centuries.

The Grecian linguistic communication replaced Phoenician as a agency of international communicating. After the military expeditions of Alexander of Macedonia the Grecian linguistic communication won acknowledgment all over Asia. The Grecian civilization and linguistic communication were imposed in all Hellenistic Centres and provinces, including Egypt, Syria and Persia. The Romans went a small farther. The Roman legionary marched to the terminals of the Earth transporting Latin, their linguistic communication, with the aid of their speechmakers and philosophers to Europe, Asia, and Africa. From that clip on the function of linguistic communications in the historical development of humanity has increased. Latin survived the prostration of the Roman Empire. Until the constitution of national provinces, new national linguistic communications that originated from Latin ( French, Spanish, and Italian ) were still emerging. In such fortunes although the native talkers of Latin were gone, it was a cosmopolitan linguistic communication of Mediaeval Europe for 15 centuries. In Europe Latin was used for the serious concern of authorities, diplomatic negotiations, and doctrine. A individual who did non cognize Latin was unable to go educated because Latin was besides the linguistic communication of the Universities. In the Middle Ages pupils and professors travelled from one state to another, from one University to another, and nowhere they had any troubles in understanding their co-workers and friends as all talks were delivered in Latin.

Then with the outgrowth of national provinces and development of national linguistic communications the demand to larn foreign linguistic communications became particularly acute. Besides classical linguistic communications modern linguistic communications were introduced in the list of school surveies. Educated people of Europe were to cognize several modern linguistic communications. For illustration, Rubens, the greatest painter of the Western civilization who lived in Flanders in the 17-th century, spoke and wrote six modern linguistic communications.

It should be said that non all the linguistic communications had equal importance in different centuries in the universe. Preference was given to that one which state was more powerful at that clip. In the 15-th and 16-th centuries Spain was in the vanguard of European and universe enlargement and the Spanish linguistic communication could be heard in the far reaches of our planet. Gallic became the dominant linguistic communication of the Western universe in the 17-th and 19-th centuries. In the 19-th century French was the official linguistic communication of our state. Since childhood Russian blue bloods were larning Gallic. For illustration, Pushkin wrote his first verse form in French. Russian was spoken merely by common people.

In the first half of the 20-th century, during the period between two World Wars, English started bit by bit to replace Gallic as the international linguistic communication. Furthermore, in the 2nd half of the 20-th century the United States became the universe ‘s dominant power. The USA had tremendous political, economic and cultural influence on the Western universe.

It is interesting to observe that earlier English emerged from tonss of idioms, Gallic had been the linguistic communication of the English tribunal and of the educated categories for three centuries since the Norman conquering. It was Chaucer who chose English for his book “ Canterbury Tales ” and thereby helped make up one’s mind the linguistic communication in which England ‘s literature would be written in centuries to come. In the 16-th century Shakespeare used over 29,000 English words, many invented by himself. Germanic in beginning English has words come from other beginnings, the consequence is an amazingly broad vocabulary acquired rather early in its history. Now English is the linguistic communication of alone profusion, nuance and assortment, which unlocks the hoarded wealths of the literature 2nd to none in the universe.

The passage from Gallic to English as the international linguistic communication was comparatively easy because in many states of the universe people already knew English by that clip. The British Empire brought English non merely in the North America, but in the Australia, Africa, and India every bit good. The leading of English in the modern universe can be explained by legion factors. Over 300 million people who live in Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand and the United States of America speak English is as a native lingua. English is one of the official linguistic communications in the Irish Republic, Canada, the South African Republ

Intelligence Community. It is besides the 2nd official linguistic communication used in the former British and U.S. settlements. English is one of the official linguistic communications of the United Nations Organisation and other political administrations. It is the linguistic communication of literature, instruction, modern music, international touristry.

The laterality of English in the modern-day universe is explained by the visual aspect of tonss of people who want to larn English non for pleasance or prestigiousness but because English has become the key to international scientific, technological and commercial inventions of today.

Previously the ground for larning any foreign linguistic communication was non good defined. Knowledge of foreign linguistic communications was regarded as a mark of a all-around instruction, but few had truly questioned why it was necessary. The job of larning linguistic communications is really of import today, Foreign linguistic communications are socially demanded particularly at the present clip when the advancement in scientific discipline and engineering has led to an detonation of cognition. The entire cognition of world doubles every seven old ages. English is needed as the chief and the most efficient agencies of information exchange. With the credence of English as the international linguistic communication of engineering and commercialism appears a new coevals of people who know why they are larning the linguistic communication. Scientists and bookmans need it to maintain up with developments in their Fieldss. Many pupils need English because their class of surveies includes text editions help able merely in English. Young people around the universe need English in order to be able to utilize the Internet, communicate with their spouses in other states, understand movies and vocals.

Unfortunately, there is no cosmopolitan or ideal method of larning linguistic communications. Everybody has his ain manner. Sometimes it is tiring to analyze grammar or larn new words. But it is good known that reading books in the original, listening to the BBC intelligence, pass oning with native talkers will assist a batch. When larning a foreign linguistic communication one learns the civilization and history of the native talkers. One must work hard to larn any foreign linguistic communication.

– When do kids get down larning foreign linguistic communications in Russia?

– Much depends on the parents. Some kids start to larn foreign linguistic communications really early, in kindergartens for illustration. They are taught ABC English there: they sing vocals, recite baby’s room rimes and larn to build some phrases. Others start larning linguistic communications at school. At some specialized schools foreign linguistic communications are taught from the 2nd to the 11th category. But by and large pupils learn foreign linguistic communications from the fifth to the 11th category.

– Are foreign linguistic communications included in entryway tests?

– Many Universities include foreign linguistic communications in entryway tests. Students who specialise in humanistic disciplines, such as History, Sociology, and Philosophy need to cognize foreign linguistic communications for their professional calling.

– Why do people larn foreign linguistic communications in Russia?

– Soviet union is incorporating into the universe community and the job of larning English for the intent of communicating is particularly pressing today. In Russia people learn English to be able to interchange the latest information refering scientific discipline, engineering and commercialism with their co-workers ; to be able to read foreign newspapers and books. Learning foreign linguistic communications is particularly popular among immature people. For them English is a manner of researching a wholly new universe. A individual who travels a batch besides needs English. Even in the states where English is non an official linguistic communication people will by and large be able to understand it.

– In how many states is English the official linguistic communication?

– English is the official linguistic communication of some 30 provinces which represent different civilizations. Many states, which have more than one functionary linguistic communication have English among other official linguistic communications.

– What is a distinguishing characteristic of English?

– English belongs to a group of Germanic linguistic communications. Thus German is comparatively close to English. At the same clip England had legion contacts with France, so Gallic had enormous influence on English. Today a individual who knows both English and French will easy happen legion similarities in these linguistic communications. Those who already know English will hold less troubles larning Gallic.

– Is English an easy linguistic communication to larn?

– Yes, it is. Basically English is an easier linguistic communication to larn than about any other linguistic communication. Its grammar is non hard at all.

– What do you believe is the most hard about English?

– The profusion of the vocabulary makes English a hard linguistic communication. Furthermore, spelling and pronunciation make problem. An other thing is that Russian and English are really different. It is non easy for a Russian to larn how to utilize definite and indefinite articles decently because there are no articles in Russian. In this context it should be said that the Germans and the Gallic have less troubles with English.

– Why are foreign linguistic communications of import for specializers?

– Specialist should cognize foreign linguistic communications to pass on with their co-workers at the conferences, through books and diaries or the Internet. Today it is non plenty for a professional to cognize merely one foreign linguistic communication. That is why many immature people who begin to believe about their hereafter early start larning several linguistic communications. For Russian specializers it is good to cognize non merely English, but German and Gallic every bit good. Undoubtedly, English is figure one linguistic communication that specializers should larn.

– What sort of foreign linguistic communication do specializers have to cognize?

– Specialists have to cognize that sort of English which will assist them to work out their professional jobs. They need English for specific intents. It has been established that there are of import differences between, say, the English of commercialism and that of technology. That is why a great trade of English classs for specific groups of scholars have been developed. The find that linguistic communication varies from one state of affairs of usage to another allowed to find the characteristics of the specific state of affairss doing them the footing of the scholars class. Today specializer of different subdivisions of scientific disciplines and professionals can larn English for their specific intents. Nowadays there are English classs for Biology, Geography, Law, History, Mathematics, Medicine, Economy, and other scientific disciplines.