Leonhard Euler Essay, Research Paper
Leonhard Euler
Euler made big bounds in modern analytic geometry and trigonometry. He
made decisive and formative parts to geometry, concretion and
figure theory.
Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, Switzerland
Died: 18 Sept 1783 in St Petersburg, Russia
Introduction
Euler & # 8217 ; s father wanted his boy to follow him into the church and sent him
to the University of Basel to fix for the ministry. However geometry
shortly became his front-runner topic. Euler obtained his male parent & # 8217 ; s consent
to alter to mathematics after Johann Bernoulli had used his persuasion.
Johann Bernoulli became his instructor.
He joined the St. Petersburg Academy of Science in 1727, two old ages after
it was founded by Catherine I the married woman of Peter the Great. Euler served
as a medical lieutenant in the Russian naval forces from 1727 to 1730. In St
Petersburg he lived with Daniel Bernoulli. He became professor of
natural philosophies at the academy in 1730 and professor of mathematics in 1733. He
married and left Johann Bernoulli & # 8217 ; s house in 1733. He had 13 kids
raw of which 5 survived their babyhood. He claimed that he made
some of his greatest finds while keeping a babe on his arm with
other kids playing round his pess.
The publication of many articles and his book Mechanica ( 1736-37 ) , which
extensively presented Newtonian kineticss in the signifier of mathematical
analysis for the first clip, started Euler on the manner to major
mathematical work.
In 1741, at the invitation of Frederick the Great, Euler joined the
Berlin Academy of Science, where he remained for 25 old ages. Even while in
Berlin he received portion of his wage from Russia and ne’er got on good
with Frederick. During his clip in Berlin, he wrote over 200 articles,
three books on mathematical analysis, and a popular scientific
publication Letterss to a Princess of Germany ( 3 vols. , 1768-72 ) .
In 1766 Euler returned to Russia. He had been reasoning with Frederick the
Great over academic freedom and Frederick was greatly angered at his
going. Euler lost the sight of his right oculus at the age of 31 and
shortly after his return to St Petersburg he became
about wholly blind
after a cataract operation. Because of his singular memory was able to
continue with his work on optics, algebra, and lunar gesture. Amazingly
after 1765 ( when Euler was 58 ) he produced about half his plants despite
being wholly blind.
After his decease in 1783 the St. Petersburg Academy continued to print
Euler & # 8217 ; s unpublished work for about 50 more old ages.
Euler made big bounds in modern analytic geometry and trigonometry. He
made decisive and formative parts to geometry, concretion and
figure theory. In figure theory he did much work in correspondence with
Goldbach. He integrated Leibniz & # 8217 ; s differential concretion and Newton & # 8217 ; s
method of fluxions into mathematical analysis. In figure theory he
stated the premier figure theorem and the jurisprudence of biquadratic reciprocality.
He was the most fecund author of mathematics of all clip. His complete
plants contains 886 books and documents.
We owe to him the notations f ( ten ) ( 1734 ) , vitamin E for the base of natural logs
( 1727 ) , I for the square root of -1 ( 1777 ) , for pi, for summing up ( 1755 )
etc. He besides introduced beta and gamma maps, incorporating factors
for differential equations etc.
He studied continuum mechanics, lunar theory with Clairaut, the three
organic structure job, snap, acoustics, the moving ridge theory of visible radiation,
fluid mechanicss, music etc. He laid the foundation of analytical mechanics,
particularly in his Theory of the Motions of Rigid Bodies ( 1765 ) .
Mentions
1.Dictionary of Scientific Biography
2.Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica
3.C B Boyer, The Age of Euler, in A History of Mathematics ( 1968 ) .
4.A Speiser, Die Basler Mathematiker ( Basel, 1939 ) .
5.G du Pasquier, Leonhard Euler et Ses amis ( Paris, 1927 ) .
6.O Speiss, Leonhard Euler ( 1929 ) .
7.R Thiele, Leonhard Euler ( Leipzig,1982 ) .
8.R Fueter, Leonhard Euler ( Basel,1948 ) .
9.J Gray, Leonhard Euler 1707-1783, Janus: archives internationales pour cubic decimeter & # 8217 ; histoire de la medecine et pour la geographie medicale 72 ( 1985 ) , 171-192.
10.Leonhard Euler 1707-1783: Beitrage Zu Leben und Werk ( Basel-Boston, 1983 ) .
11.H Bernhard, Euler, in H Wussing and W Arnold, Biographien bedeutender Mathematiker ( Berlin, 1983 ) .
