Between 1800 and 1900 the Tower of London took on the visual aspect which to a big extent it retains today. Early on in the century many of the historic establishments which had been based within its walls began to travel out. The first to travel was the Mint which moved to new edifices to the north E of the palace in 1812, where it remained until 1968, when it moved to its present location near Cardiff. The Royal Menagerie left the Lion Tower in 1834 to go the karyon of what is now London Zoo, and the Record Office ( responsible for hive awaying paperss of province ) , moved to Chancery Lane during the 1850s, resigning parts of the medieval royal diggingss and the White Tower. Finally, after the War Office assumed duty for the industry and storage of arms in 1855, big countries of the fortress were vacated by the old Office of Ordnance.

However, before these alterations took topographic point the Tower had one time once more – but for the last clip – performed its traditional function in asseverating the authorization of the province over the people of London. The Chartist motion of the 1840s ( which sought major political reform ) prompted a concluding refortification of the Tower between 1848 and 1852, and farther work was carried out in 1862. To protect the attacks to the Tower new loop-holes and gun emplacements were built and an tremendous brick and rock bastion ( destroyed by a bomb during the Second World War ) constructed on the north side of the fortress. Following the firing down of the Grand Storehouse in 1841, the present Waterloo Barracks was put up to suit 1,000 soldiers, and the Brick, Flint and Bowyer towers to its North were altered or rebuilt to serve it ; the Royal Fusiliers & # 8217 ; edifice was erected at the same clip to be the officers & # 8217 ; muss. The rabble ne’er stormed the palace but the fright of it left the outer defense mechanisms of the Tower much as they are today.

The holiday of big parts of the Tower by the offices which had once occupied it and an increasing involvement in the history and arch

aeology of the Tower led, after 1850, to a programme of ‘re-medievalisation’ . By so the late 17th and 18th-century Ordnance edifices and barracks, together with a series of private hostel and tap houses, such as the Stone Kitchen and the Golden Chain, had obscured most of the medieval fortress. The first clearances of these edifices began in the late 1840s, but the existent work began in 1852, when the designer Anthony Salvin, already known for his work on mediaeval edifices, re-exposed the Beauchamp Tower and restored it to a mediaeval visual aspect. Salvin’s work was much admired and attracted the attending of Prince Albert ( hubby of Queen Victoria ) , who recommended that he be made responsible for a complete Restoration of the palace. This led to a programme of work which involved the Salt Tower, the White Tower, St Thomas’s Tower, the Bloody Tower and the building of two new houses on Tower Green.

In the 1870s Salvin was replaced by John Taylor, a less gifted and sensitive designer. His attempts concentrated on the southern parts of the Tower, notably the Cradle and Develin towers and on the destruction of the 18th-century Ordnance Office and depot on the site of the Lanthorn Tower, which he rebuilt. He besides built the stretches of wall associating the Lanthorn Tower to the Salt and Wakefield towers. But by the 1890s, Restoration of this type was traveling out of manner and this was the last piece of re-medievalisation to be undertaken. The work of this period had succeeded in opening up the site and re-exposing its defense mechanisms, but fell far short of reconstructing its true mediaeval visual aspect.

The 2nd half of the nineteenth century saw a great addition in the figure of visitants to the Tower, although excursionists had been admitted every bit early as 1660. In 1841 the first official guidebook was issued and ten old ages subsequently a purpose-made ticket office was erected at the western entryway. By the terminal of Queen Victoria & # 8217 ; s reign in 1901, half a million people were sing the Tower each twelvemonth.