The find of the New World happened to co-occur with the spread of European power and civilization around the known universe. This spread was the consequence of assorted developments that had occurred. peculiarly the followers: “the explosive growing of trade. towns. and modern corporations ; the spiritual ardor generated by the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation ; ”1 every bit good as the usual grounds of “greed. conquering. racism. and bondage. ”2 By the clip of the 1400s. these and other forces combined to do Europeans hunt for new lands to suppress and settle. every bit good as for new people to change over. educate. or feat.
3 Columbus’ assorted ocean trips to the New World opened the door for more geographic expedition and colony of the New World. The first European power to do conjunct attempts to research the New World was Spain. and they had three distinguishable motivations: to win over converts to Catholicism ; to suppress land ; and. to acquire rich. 4 Finally following Spain were England and France. both of which had similar motivations: to widen their imperiums into the New World. every bit good as net income from the constitution of settlements in the New World. Clearly. so. the ultimate end of geographic expedition and conquering in the New World was to increase power and wealth.
2. Explain the spiritual persecutions in England that pushed the Separatists into Plymouth and the Quakers into Pennsylvania. Explain how England’s Glorious Revolution besides prompted alterations in the settlements. The Separatists. besides known as the Pilgrims. were forced out of England due to their spiritual beliefs. They were portion of the “most sturdy religious order of Puritans…who had severed all ties with the Church of England. ”5 They felt that the Church of England was non wholly separated from the Catholic Church. Talking out against the Church of England led to persecutions by King James I and Anglican functionaries.
6 The Separatists so fled to Holland. but while at that place. felt that their kids were going excessively Dutch and rolling from their steadfast Puritan beliefs. As a consequence. they secured a land patent from the Virginia Company and in 1620. sailed to America. 7 The Religious society of friendss were the “most influential of many extremist groups that sprang from…the English Civil War. ”8 They carried further than any other group the philosophy of “individual religious inspiration and reading. ” which they called “the inner visible radiation. ”9 Making off with many of the furnishings of the Church of England. the Quakers embraced a simple manner of life and were highly dovish.
10 This did non co-occur with the ways of the Anglican Church. and therefore. they were persecuted a great trade. They chose to go forth England and settle in the New World. where they would be able to pattern their beliefs without fright of reprisal. First set uping the settlement of New Jersey. they shortly migrated to the opposite side of the Delaware River and established the settlement of Pennsylvania. The Glorious Revolution in England led to many alterations within the settlements. The settlements that had been absorbed into the Dominion of New England – Massachusetts. Connecticut. Rhode Island. New York. and New Jersey – wholly reverted to their former authoritiess.
11 They were besides able to retain their former position. “except Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth. which…were united under a new charter in 1691 as the royal settlement of Massachusetts Bay. ”12 Another alteration was the transition of the Bill of Rights and the Toleration Act in England in 1689. both of which “limited the powers of the country’s sovereign and affirmed a grade of freedom of worship for all Christians. thereby act uponing attitudes – and the class of events – in the settlements. ”13 Finally. the Glorious Revolution set a case in point for revolution against the sovereign.
In other words. it laid the basis for the American Revolution. which would liberate the settlements from British regulation. 14 5. Explain how and why the British won the Gallic and Indian War. The Gallic and Indian War was the last of four major wars affecting the European powers and their New World colonies. 15 In this peculiar war. the cause of contention was upper Ohio River vale. Controlled by the Gallic. they became irate when some Virginians moved into the district to do trade with the Indians easier. every bit good as to study land granted to them by King George III.
16 Attempts to warn off the Gallic failed. and finally warfare broke out in the disputed country. From 1754 to 1756. the war raged along the American-Canadian frontier without deriving attending in Europe. 17 From 1756 until the war ended. it would be merged with the Seven Years’ War in Europe. 18 The alteration in position of the Gallic and Indian War coincided with a alteration within the British authorities. William Pitt became Prime Minister of Britain. and under his leading. the British would get the better of the Gallic.
Allied with the Indians. who wanted the Gallic out of their district. the British utilized their superior naval fleet to cut off Gallic supports and supplies to the New World. 19 The decisive point of the war was the Battle of Quebec in 1759. After two months of trying to interrupt Gallic defences. the British were able to happen a way that allowed them to acquire closer to the Gallic cantonment. In the conflict that followed. the British routed the Gallic. therefore stoping Gallic power in North America. 20
