Jean Sartre Essay, Research Paper

JEAN-PAUL SARTRE

Jean-Paul Sartre is a Gallic philosopher, novelist, play-write, and journalist. He is largely recognized for his leading in Gallic Existentialism. After oppugning his ain thoughts he gave up his ain thoughts, and started to back up Marxism. Existentialism was the political orientation that he is largely known and supported for.

Jean Paul was born on June 21, 1905 and was schooled at Evole Normale Superieure in Paris, University of Fribourg in Switzerland, and the Gallic Institute in Berlin. From 1929 he taught doctrine at some secondary schools. Resulting in the start of World War II, he was drafted into the military. Sometime during 1940-1941 he was captured by the Germans, and was subsequently released. After his return to France he taught in Neuilly, and Paris. He became fond of and later joined the Gallic Resistance. There he developed his major philosophic work “ Being and Nothingness ( 1943 ) ” In 1945 he gave up instruction and founded the political and literary magazine Les Temps Modernes. He was really profound in his battle against Socialism. Subsequently he supported Soviet places but criticized their policies. In the 1950? s he wrote many pieces of literature on political jobs. In 1964 Sartre won the Nobel Prize in literature, stating that he refuses to compromise his unity as a author, he refuses to accept the award. He so becomes an castaway in society, for holding turned on Existentialism and lives out his life in hapless wellness and a few extremist followings.

In the dictionary the interlingual rendition of Existentialism is a subdivision of doctrine based on the construct of an absurd existence where worlds have free will, and that worlds are responsible for and the exclusive justice of their actions as they affect others. This doctrine proposes that there is no g-d, and no moralss. Man replaces g-d, and moralss are replaced individuals personal ethical motives. This sort of society provinces that adult male entirely effects all things around him, and there is no outside force that effects objects in any sort of mode. Besides in this sort of society the determinations of work forces are dependent on the persons good religion, and freedom is an act of adult male non G-d. Sartre himself found Existentialism to inconclusive and subsequently chose Marxism over his anterior beliefs.

“ Being and Nothingness ” was one of Sartre early plants on Existentialism. In this book he wrote that worlds are the existences who create their ain universe by arising against authorization and by accepting personal duty for their actions. I find that this belief shows that regulations are non given by a Supreme Being but by the autocratic in charge. When a individual breaks one of the Torahs or regulations the authorization punishes them, by functioning out the penalty the individual is accepting duty. This I think is a really modern-day manner of thought, but I think he is right. A Supreme Being does non give Torahs to us. When I think of it all authoritiess set up their Torahs as they see fit, in some states people aren? t aloud to talk against their authorities, while in others you are every bit long as the individual doesn? t commit an act of lese majesty. Besides there are no two authoritiess that have the same exact Torahs, which shows each individual in charge has different demands on their people.

Another belief that he expresses in his plant is “ to take this or that is to confirm at the same clip the value of what we choose, because we can ne’er take evil. We ever choose the

good and nil can be good for us without being good for all. ” This thought say when a individual is given a pick of things, a individual will take something that is good for them, since it? s good for them another individual would profit from it, the same manner the individual that chose it. I do non believe that this belief is thought out all the manner it is more of a drama on words so anything. What can be good for one individual can be bad for another. Since people take advantage of others you can ne’er be certain of the individuals purposes. So by that something that one can see good for them another individual can endure from it. Possibly sometimes an object can be good for all that have it but during certain times non everytime.

A really of import construct that Sartre stressed was human free will. “ As persons are free, from the point of construct, they define their kernel though out their being. A individual? s nature is what he or she has done in the yesteryear and what that individual is making at the minute. No 1 is complete until decease when self-definition ceases. Then, how others interpret the person is based upon the person? s achievements and weaknesss ” In world this construct is right if person was a great adult male or adult female that means they did great things when they were populating. If person did non make anything worthwhile means the individual did non carry through much. But now yearss holding a household, populating a good honest life is an achievement. No, the individual did non to anything particular but those are their achievements. When decease takes a individuals life they can make no more, and that is when their achievement cease and that is when the individuals self-definition ceases. That is true but some people get recognition or acquire it stolen after their decease which gives them more value so they deserve.

Sartre was a really unfastened minded single he believed that people can be more so one thing and any given minute, and that consciousness of a individual can be different so the human being. This is a modern twenty-four hours thought excessively, a individual is non seen as an business any longer. Each individual does non hold merely one thing that they can be. Peoples can make whatever they please, whenever they please every bit long as it doesn? t interruption any Torahs. Peoples now yearss go hunt for themselves, they guit their occupations, change their life styles and other things. Merely do one thing is one thing during a class of clip, does non intend it can? t alteration. These thoughts are accepted by today? s society by about anybody. Besides if a individual can make thing that they do non believe are right. A individual lies, bargains, and darnels at anytime. Not because they want to, but because they have to, or experience the demand to at that point in clip.

Sartre had a batch of dual criterions during his life. His sentiments changed, his businesss changed, and his milieus changed. He searched throughout his life for a good system. He tried many things out and his thoughts progresed or weakened. He spent the terminal of his life with small money, small friends, and a batch of critics. His chief thought which he had and ne’er changed was “ morality arises from the fact that all picks affect others, physically and emotionally. Social duty consequences from the mutualities of persons. Since any populating individual is engaged in the procedure of specifying ego and others, moralss develop consequently. Since the existential philosopher values free will and wants others to esteem his or her freedom, the ethical system developed is based upon free look. ”