There are 44 universities ( non numbering the Open University ) in Britain. Although the Goverment is responsible for supplying approximately 80 per cent of universities income it does non command their work or learning nor does it hold direct traffics with the universities.The grants are distributed by the Secretary of State for Education and Science.
The English universities are: Aston ( Birmingham ) , Bath, Birmingham, Bradford Bristol, Brunel ( London ) , Cambridge, City ( London ) , Durham, East Anglia, Essex, Exeter, Hull, Keele, Kent at Centerbury, Lancaster, Leeds, Leicester, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nottingham, Oxford, Reading, Saford, Sheffield, Southhampton, Surrey, Sussex, Warwick and York. The federated University of Wales includes five university colleges, the Welsh National School of Medicine, and the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology.The Scottish universities are: Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh, Belfast, Glasgow, Heriot-Watt ( Edinburgh ) , St. Andrews, Stirling, and Strathclyde ( Glasgow ) .In Northen Ireland there is Queen ” s University, Belfast, and the New University of Ulster in Coleraine.
The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge day of the month from the twelfth and 13th centuries and the Scots Universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh from the fifteenth and 16th centuries. All the other universities were founded in the nineteenth or 20th centuries.
There are five other establishments where the work is of university criterion: the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology ; the two graduate student concern school which are supported jointly by industry and the Goverment – the Manchester Business School and the London Graduate School of Business Studies, associated with the London School of Economics and the Imperial College of Science and Technology ; Cranfield Inctitute of Technology for chiefly postgraduate work in astronauticss and other topics ; and the Royal College of Art.
Cambridge
My coming to Cambridge has been an unusual experience. From whatever state one comes as a pupil one can non get away the influence of the Cambridge traditions – and they go back so far! Here, possibly, more than anyplace else, I have felt at one and the same clip the Past, the Present and even the Future. It ” s easy to see and the old Grey rock buildings how the yesteryear has moulded the present and how the present is giving form to the hereafter. So
allow me state you a small of what this University town looks like and how it came to be here at all.
The narrative of the University begins, so far as I know, in 1209 when several hundred pupils and bookmans arrived in the small town of Cambridge after holding walked 60 stat mis from Oxford. As was the usage so, they had joined themselves into a “ Universitas ” of Society – the word “ University ” , like the word “ College ” , meant originally a society of people with a common employment ; it was merely subsequently it came to be associated with scholarship.
These pupils were all clerics and had been analyzing in Oxford at that metropolis ” s well-known schools. It was a difficult life at Oxford for there was changeless problem between the townspeople and the pupils. Then one twenty-four hours a pupil by chance killed a adult male of the town. The Mayor arrested three other pupils, who were guiltless, and by order of King John ( who was disputing with the Church and knew that the decease of three reverends would rag it ) they were put to decease by hanging. In protest, all the pupils moved elsewhere, some coming to Cambridge ; and so the new University began.
Before long there were new wrangle with the townspeople, for the University was dying to be independent of the Town, and the Town was every bit dying for authorization over the new pupil population. “ Town ” and “ Gown ” conflicts were frequent.
The boarding-houses and tradesmans cheated the pupils, who really shortly organized themselves under an elective leader called a Chancellor, and he fixed monetary values that should be paid. Gradually the University gained control.
Side by side with the battle for freedom from Town regulation was another for autonomy from Church regulation, until by 1500 the University was its ain maestro at last.
Of class there were no Colleges in those early yearss and student life was really different from what it is now. Students were of all ages and came from every where. Those from the same portion of the state tended to group together and these groups called “ States ” still exist, by the manner, at some European Universities.
The pupils were armed ; some even banded together to rob the people of the countryside. Gradually, the thought of the College developed and in 1284 Peterhouse the oldest College in Cambridge, was founded.
Life in College was rigorous ; pupils were forbidden to play games, to sing ( except sacred music ) , to run or angle or even to dance.
