The intent of this essay will to be to advance Molly’s wellness and wellbeing through grounds based theory and pattern ( Refer to appendix 1 for Molly scenario ) . Molly has assorted wellness demands that necessitate the demand for wellness publicity such as the hazard of postpartum depression. However, for the intent of this essay, the focal point will be her type 2 diabetes wellness demand. There are several bio-psychosocial factors that contribute to Molly’s wellness and wellbeing such as cistrons, emphasis and low income. The intercessions that are designed to advance Molly’s wellness and well-being will include instruction and authorization. These will turn to Molly’s determiners of wellness by utilizing appropriate theoretical accounts and attacks to supply realistic and practical suggestions to Molly. The rationale upon advancing Molly’s diabetic wellness demand is due to the fact that, type 2 diabetes can do terrible complications such as retinopathy, kidney failure and cardiovascular disease. What is more, type 2 diabetes continues to increase in the United Kingdom and it is estimated to impact more than 5 million people by 2015 ( NHS picks 2013 )
Historic overview of wellness publicity was foremost highlighted by Florence Nightingale ( 1860 ) who noted the biomedical attention given to patients and suggested the demand to supply holistic patient centred attention to patients ( Piper 2010 ) . Notably, she recognized the importance of environmental factors such as cleanliness and nutrition to advance the wellness of patients ( Piper 2009 ) . Health publicity is a overplus of contested definitions. Therefore, over the old ages at that place have been considerable efforts to specify this construct. For ( WHO 1986 ) Ottawa Charter, wellness publicity is defined as a procedure of educating and authorising people to do healthier picks ( Hubley et al 2013 ) .
This definition implies that, wellness publicity is a holistic construct that emphasizes on the physical, societal and mental well-being ( Piper 2010 ) The nurse is the wellness professional that will be involved in advancing Molly’s wellness and wellbeing through grounds based theory and pattern in add-on to utilizing assorted theoretical accounts and attacks ( Piper 2009 ) . This scheme will enable Molly and the nurse to separately and holistically express themselves, develop advanced programs suited to Molly’s wellness demands and advance effectual communicating between Molly and the nurse ( Bowden and Manning 2006 ) .
Communication is an of import rule in wellness publicity as non merely does it underpin the footing of holistic attention given to patients but it besides builds curative relationships between the nurse and the patient ( Bowden 2006 ) . Communication is a cardinal construct in nursing that is defined as a accomplishment of information sharing between the patient and other wellness professionals ( Yulli et al 2011 ) . In these fortunes, the nurse will pass on with Molly through assorted manners of communicating which will include verbal, non-verbal and written communicating. She will discourse with Molly on shared values and beliefs that is relevant to Molly’s wellness demands. Most of import, communicating in Molly’s instance will travel beyond information sharing to affecting Molly in her ain attention by back uping her to do positive healthier picks in her life ( Hubley 2013 ) . Significantly, the nurse will adhere to ethical rules of liberty, non-maleficence, beneficence and justness ( Whitewood 2010 ) .
There are several bio bio-psychosocial factors that contribute to the wellness and well-being of Molly. These factors can be good understood by utilizing the bio-psychosocial theoretical account. This is holistic theoretical account that combines major determiners of wellness such as societal economic position, biological position and psychological position to give a holistic position of an single mental, physical and societal well-being ( Baxter 2010 ) . The biological factors that contribute to Molly diabetic wellness demand are her familial susceptibleness due to her household history ( NHS choices2013 ) . Her unborn kid is besides at a hazard of inheriting the unwellness from her female parent. Type 2 diabetes tends to run in households mostly due to similar unhealthy life style ( Bowden and Manning 2006 ) . Whereas Molly might hold inherited type 2 diabetes from her parents, the development of this unwellness is besides influenced by lifestyle picks ( NHS picks 2013 ) . Psychologically, Molly is at the hazard of enduring from postpartum depression and emphasis due to physical demands of work and taking attention of her household. This can accordingly take to mental unwellnesss ( Hobart and Frankel 2009 ) .
Psychological unwellnesss can impact Molly’s ability to self-manage her blood glucose. Apart from this, psychological instability can do Molly to lose control of her diabetes with fatal effects ( NHS picks 2013 ) . Molly is on a low societal economic position as she is merely able to work portion clip. Green and Tones ( 2010 ) contends that, low income bounds entree to nutritionary nutrient and lodging which can accordingly take to hapless physical wellness and societal exclusion. Furthermore, Hill et al 2013 s proposes that, type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects people with limited resources. Possibly this is because, low income earners are more likely to indulge in unhealthy damaging behaviors such as eating unhealthy nutrient and deficiency of physical activity ( Hubley 2013 ) . If this were the instance, Molly might non able bargain healthy nutrient or entrees those activities that address her wellness demands such as the gym and other societal webs in her community. All these factors might impede positive wellness results.
Harmonizing to ( WHO 1986 ) , wellness is defined as non merely an absence of diseases but besides a complete province of physical and mental well-being. In order to advance Molly’s wellness, a holistic attack is needed to turn to the bio-psychosocial the factors that affect her wellness and well-being. Therefore, assorted activities need to be undertaken by utilizing appropriate theoretical attacks and theoretical accounts. Initially, the nurse should guarantee that, Molly’s basic demands are meet first earlier traveling up to the higher demands. Maslow ( 1943 ) proposed that, worlds have hierarchies of demands. He believed that, demands such as nutrient and H2O are meet first before making the degree of self-actualisation ( Hubley2013 ) .
Having antecedently identified that Molly is on a low income which can impact her ability to entree healthy nutrient. The wellness publicity precedence will be so to turn to this demand before traveling on to the other higher demands. The nurse should advice Molly on the aid that is available for her to increase her net incomes. For illustration, Molly would profit from drawn-out school that offer child care and household support services ( Larkin 2009 ) . The importance of child care would be that, Molly will be able to work more hours conveying in some excess income for her household. Consequently, she will be able to purchase healthy nutrient and engage in activities such as swimming or traveling to the gym. Significantly, this would cut down her hazard of societal exclusion and diabetes related complications ( NHS picks 2013 ) . However, it is of import that Molly believes that, her positive wellness behaviors will forestall complications and assist get good quality of life.
This will act upon Molly’s willingness to take action ( Yulli 2010 ) . Harmonizing to Health belief theoretical account by Rosenstock ( 1966 ) , Molly will merely take positive action if she believes that, she is susceptible to serious unwellnesss, believes that her type 2 diabetes is serious and believes that her positive actions will avoid the negative effects of diabetes ( Yulli 2010 ) . For case, by making physical activities it reduces her opportunity of her being corpulent and accordingly cut downing her hazard the of cardiovascular diseases or even decease ( Coyle 2013 ) . The Health belief theoretical account is utile in advancing Molly’s diabetic wellness demand. This is because it organises the patients wellness position, positions and points out the factors that that determines whether the patient will alter their behavior. Furthermore it provides a utile checklist that points out the issues that need to be addressed and the patient’s motive to alter their wellness ( Yuill et al 2010 ) . However, the Health belief theoretical account has non escaped unfavorable judgment due to its individualistic manner and ignores societal influences ( Hubley 2013 ) .
For illustration, Molly low income position may act upon her determination of whether or non she eats healthy nutrient. Furthermore, it does non turn to psychological factors such as fright and denial that greatly influences human ability to take positive action towards their wellness ( Hubley 2013 ) . For case, Molly’s ability to prosecute in physical activities may be affected her gestation, emotions and societal influences such as household and friends. Another activity that to be undertaken to advance Molly’s wellness is promoting Molly to larn from positive function theoretical accounts that will actuate her to positively modulate her behavior and reflect on her actions ( Green 2010 ) .
This can be larning from her household, friends or other people who have type 2diabetes but have successfully managed their diabetes through positive attitudes, behaviors and interventions. Harmonizing Social acquisition theory by Bandura ( 1986 ) , people actions are influenced by detecting the behavior of other people. He argued that, this promotes people self-esteem that in bend thrusts them to do positive alterations ( Green 2010 ) . In these fortunes, the societal acquisition theory is every bit of import in advancing Molly’s diabetic wellness demand because it addresses the construct of self-pride.
This is a cardinal portion of defying negative influences and promotes self-efficacy and venue of control to make what is right by her wellness ( Amdam 2012 ) . Social larning theory importance should non be underestimated as it recognizes that, persons do non be in isolation ( Amdam 2012 ) . Despite this, it is criticised by biological theoreticians for its rejection of biological factors such as cistrons. Furthermore, the life scientist theoretical account challenges the societal acquisition flawed premise that, behaviours are learnt by postulating that, behaviours are inherited but non learnt ( Gyenscuico 2011 ) .
Education is another activity that needs to be undertaken in order to advance Molly’s diabetic wellness demand. The purpose of instruction will be to learn Molly on self-management accomplishments and to better Molly’s cognition on diabetic attention ( Bowden and Manning 2006 ) . The nurse will utilize wellness educational theoretical account to modify Molly’s behavior and actions through supplying value-laden facts and information about type 2 diabetes. This may be done by giving Molly cusps about type 2 diabetes, learning Molly on how to command and supervise her glucose degrees ( Bowden and Manning 2006 ) . Harmonizing to instruction attack, if Molly have the necessary cognition on diabetes, she is more likely to do positive determinations ( Lawrence et al 2009 ) . For Instance, by learning Molly how her blood glucose is affected by nutrient and exercising, she is more likely to eat more healthier nutrient and be active in order to maintain her blood glucose stable ( NHS 2012 ) .
One can non disregard that instruction theoretical account is grounds based and non merely does it educate the patient but it besides gives accomplishments to the patient. However, this theoretical account fails to see environmental, psychological and economic restraints which affect individual’s ability to do picks ( Lawrence et al 2009 ) . Another restriction of this theoretical account is its simplistic position of cost-benefit analysis. It assumes that, if Molly is given the cognition she will accept it unconditionally, weigh up the cost and so do a positive wellness picks for her best involvement ( Bowden and Manning 2006 ) . What is more, its deterministic position point that, instruction is a must does and its top down attack does non give Molly much free will to do her ain picks which the self-empowerment does ( Bowden and Manning ) . The empowerment theoretical account gives the patient the free will through it protagonism of the single construct of venue of control and self-efficacy to take control of their ain wellness ( Lawrence et al 2013 ) . This theoretical account links to the activity of authorization which is another activity that needs to be undertaken in in order to advance Molly’s wellness and good being.
This will be through Molly take parting and taking portion in all countries of determination devising ( Piper 2009 ) . This theoretical account shifts the balance of power from the wellness professionals to the patient ( Piper 2010 ) . The empowerment theoretical account bottom up attack is a critical factor in authorising the patient ( Bowden and Manning 2006 ) . The authorization will intend that, Molly is acknowledged as being a portion of her wellness publicity and she will work aboard the nurse and other multi-agency squads involved in her ain attention ( Yulli et al 2010 ) . Possibly this might raise her assurance and influence her ability to do healthier picks by taking duties on her type 2 diabetes direction ( Hanlon et al 2012 ) . The advantage of utilizing the self-empowerment theoretical account in Molly’s scenario will be that, Molly will derive more control of her life and assurance to travel towards healthier being ( Hanlon 2012 ) . However, it fails to see influences of power that may forestall Molly from doing healthier picks ( Hanlon 2012 ) . For illustration, Molly’s hubby might act upon her ability to do picks. Furthermore, it does non turn to societal economic factors such as low income that can intend that, Molly’s primacies may be at uneven with the precedences of the wellness promoting professionals ( Bowden and manning 2006 ) .
Finally, its recognition of the self-government means that, Molly might exert her free will and take unhealthy feeding behaviors that might put her at hazard or even decease ( Dean and Irvine 2010 ) One can non disregard the benefits of wellness publicity in Molly’s scenario is a utile tool to educate, motivate and authorise Molly to do positive alterations towards her wellness. However, wellness publicity can be debatable at times. This is due to the unsafe premises of the wellness boosters focus on wellness issues disregarding that, people have assorted motivations to alter their behaviors and wellness might non be one of them ( Scrive 2010 ) . For case, for Molly diabetic wellness demand might non be her premier incentive to alter her life style. Another unfavorable judgment of wellness publicity is the of all time altering wellness advice for patients due to research that is ever happening new grounds ( Amdam 2011 ) . In these fortunes, patients have hardly adequate clip seek one intervention or advice before they can accommodate to another. This affects the efficaciousness of wellness publicity ( Scriven 2010 ) .
Obviously, the media contradicts the wellness publicity advice which is based on facts due to its focal point on contention instead than facts which can be confounding for the patients ( Amdam 2011 ) . Furthermore, the wellness publicity in Molly’s scenario raises this inquiry. If Molly decides non to alter, does it intend that the wellness publicity in her instance has failed? The challenges of effectual wellness publicity require actions at all degrees get downing at an person, community and at a authorities degree ( Scriven 2011 ) . Therefore, to successfully, promote the wellness of an person, it is necessary to hold an attack that combines all these degrees together as they all influence the effectivity of wellness publicity ( Amdam 2011 ) . To reason, wellness publicity is defined as a procedure of educating and authorising people to do healthier picks.
Molly’s wellness is influenced by assorted determiners of wellness that are linked to her societal, biological and environmental conditions. The wellness publicity accent is to undertake such determiners of wellness through grounds based patterns that combines assorted theories and attacks. These theories and attacks are tied up with practical activities that are aimed at altering Molly’s life style and behavior to advance her wellness.
The importance of wellness publicity should non be underestimated at it educates and empowers the patients to do positive actions towards their wellness. Nevertheless, wellness publicity is plagued with challenges such as beliing wellness advice that affects the efficaciousness of wellness publicity. These challenges affect the most vulnerable people such as Molly. It is hence of import that the wellness boosters recognizes these troubles and turn to them consequently. Finally, it is recommended that, future wellness publicity professionals address the shortage of the deficiency of an attack that tackles wellness publicity at an person, community, authorities degree to guarantee the effectivity of wellness publicity.
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