The Relationship Between Language and Ethnic Identity : a Focus on Tibetan Essay

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To get down with. harmonizing to the background history of the Tibetan linguistic communication. it is non mere a linguistic communication like modern English with a broad extend of talkers who can grok each other easy depending on familiar vocabulary. grammar. As an old lingual adage provinces: “a idiom is a linguistic communication without an ground forces and a linguistic communication is a idiom with an ground forces. and Tibetan can be considered as a set of linguistic communications alternatively of dialects” ( Congressional-Executive Commission on China. 2003. p. 5 ) . In tradition. linguistic communication represents the civilization of each cultural. and has a great consequence on cultural individuality.

If a linguistic communication of one cultural group is well-developed. it can beef up its cultural individuality. On the contrary. the cultural individuality can be destroyed with the extinction of its linguistic communication. Furthermore. “Languages are non impersonal. They convey really specific societal and cultural behaviours and ways of thought. The extinction of the Tibetan linguistic communication will hold enormous effects for the Tibetan Culture. The civilization can non be preserved without language” ( C. E. C. C. 2003. p. 2 ) . As a consequence. linguistic communication is like a symbol within each cultural group. which can stand for a seeable psyche harmonizing to the manner of speaking. and the history of linguistic communication.

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The keeping and development of the civilization of a state is based on linguistic communication. particularly the Tibetan linguistic communication. For this ground the Tibetan Language is the base of Tibet’s civilization individuality besides faith. ( Simon. 2002 ; Nima. 2001 ) Additionally. Tibetan linguistic communication has a great influence in faith because the Buddhist Bible in Lamaism is written in Tibetan. which demonstrates the close relation of faith and linguistic communication. Furthermore. people communicate with each other in the Tibetan linguistic communication in some distant topographic points. particularly among the old and immature.

Besides. the Tibetan linguistic communication is the best pick for showing Tibetan civilization. because the history of Tibetan linguistic communication is every bit long as the being of Tibet’s civilization. In the past. many of Tibet’s authoritative narratives are recorded in the Tibetan linguistic communication. such as. Gsal and Manas. Consequently. if they lose the Tibetan linguistic communication. so Tibet won’t be Tibetan any longer. In the long term. the Tibetan linguistic communication plays an of import function in the economic system and civilization. At the minute. an increasing sum of people have been dismissed from occupations. particularly rural Tibetans.

Those people who lost their occupations are comparatively similar to aliens who can’t acquire occupations in their ain state because of missing lingual diverseness. The civilization of their metropolis is being ignored and depreciated while they are witnessing the procedure. which besides make people generate the same feeling ( C. E. C. C. 2003. p. 2 ) . The linguistic communication issue does non merely exist in civilization and instruction. which besides appear in society and affect economic system. Furthermore. Tibetan linguistic communication and civilization is important for secularising and renewing the Tibetan society.

Now. to go to monasteries. where Tibetan still maintains traditional civilization compared to most topographic points. going plentifulness of immature Tibetans’ way ( C. E. C. C. 2003. p. 3 ) . Keeping the Tibetan linguistic communication alive is another manner to continue Tibetan tradition civilization. At the same clip. the linguistic communication policy of Tibet is altering while the consequence of Tibetan linguistic communication on society is falling. Before the 1970s. the linguistic communication policy of Tibet was focused on popularising Tibetan linguistic communication among Han authorities officers including set uping linguistic communication categories and particular schools.

The chief occupation at that clip was furthering Tibet civilization and developing the Tibetan linguistic communication. However after the 1970s. China’s authorities published a series of demands for Tibetans that is to larn Chinese. meanwhile popularising Chinese became the most of import mission in Tibet. The changing of the linguistic communication policy leads an change in instruction. In fact. school instruction was non merely used as a instruction method but besides a manner to convey civilization and to better the linguistic communication. Presently. Tibetan- Chinese bilingual instruction is the major instruction form in Tibet’s schools.

The purpose of bilingual instruction is weakening the impact of the Tibetan linguistic communication on Tibet’s society alternatively of spread outing the influence of Chinese. In Tibet. different people have different positions on bilingual instruction. For immature Tibetans. they benefit from bilingual instruction which offers opportunity for them to larn both Chinese and the Tibetan linguistic communication. Hence they will get a certain basic compaction of both linguistic communications. After graduation. they may believe Chinese is more utile because at this clip. a batch of official paperss. notices. and letters of enfranchisement are written in Chinese.

However. still a batch of Tibetans insist that learning the Tibetan linguistic communication must be strengthened in schools. Actually. civilization. faith. economic sciences. fabrication abilities. and the natural environment are linked with the job of maintaining the Tibetan Language alive. which is complicated. However. it is critical for a state to keep and cultivate its civilization depending on linguistic communication. particularly Tibetan. through its cultural individuality in China. School instruction can non turn in a certain manner unless work outing the linguistic communication quandary.

( Nima. 2008 ) The quandary of the Tibetan linguistic communication is that the rise of Chinese but the falling of Tibetan in society. Without uncertainty. Tibetan linguistic communication is the self-importance of Tibet. without linguistic communication they will lose their singularity and individuality. Therefore. instruction and developing Tibetan linguistic communication should be the most of import mission in bilingual instruction. Language and economic system ever affect each other. When the Tibetan linguistic communication was the chief speech production and teaching linguistic communication in Tibet. the cloistered economic system was preponderantly in Tibet. which was conservative and traditional.

Harmonizing to Wang ( 2009. p. 68 ) “Trade was another major resource of the cloistered economic system. Because of their of import place in Tibetan society. monasteries non merely housed monastics. but besides many lay people who visit on a regular basis for spiritual intents. Therefore. monasteries were centres of spiritual activities and trade. ” Monasteries normally represent the traditional Tibetan civilization. in the clip when the Tibetan linguistic communication was taking the society and economic system.

Furthermore. provincials and nomads by and large work on the monasteries’ land but no salary and they by and large barter for meat and butter with grain in fall and winter. when countrymen have taken in their harvests along with the finest quality of animate beings ( Wang. 2009. p. 72 ) . In modern Tibet. the Tibetan linguistic communication is bit by bit replaced by Chinese in society. at the same clip. the traditional economic system is altering because of the transmutation of linguistic communication. Since China’s authorities has implemented the bilingual instruction policy. set uping many private and public schools for hapless Tibetan. the status of provincials and nomads are shifted.

Hence. the new policy created a opportunity for kids who born in a provincial and nomad household. who are non bound to monasteries land any more. With the expansion of touristry. backpackers would wish to walk in distant topographic points. many provincials and nomads are able to set up their ain concern along with the growing of touristry. and benefit from the convenient transit. The consistence of the Tibetan linguistic communication ensured the completeness of the Tibetan civilization and tradition. At present. with the development of touristry and transit is conveying Tibet to the universe.

Many intelligent Han Chinese. who come from large metropoliss such as Chengdu. Beijing. Shanghai. Guangzhou would wish to see Lassa. pass oning with Tibetan bookmans and creative persons. Those Chinese have great passion about larning Tibet civilization. ( C. E. C. C. 2003. p. 21 ) Right now. a batch of Tibetans fluent in Chinese and even can talk small English. at the same clip. many tourers can talk Tibetan. and acquire to cognize the history and civilization of Tibet. Countless tourists that inundation to Tibet. somehow have a great impact on Tibetan civilization and linguistic communication.

Plenty of Tibetans no longer wear Tibetan robes alternatively of have oning athletics shirt. It is obvious that touristry is a traveling advertizement that helps transmit civilization. giving chances to Tibetans to present their civilization and linguistic communication to the universe. and to acquire to cognize different linguistic communications and civilizations. As a consequence. under the planetary cultural exchange environment. if Tibetan wants to maintain its cultural individuality. they must keep the original and complete of Tibetan linguistic communication. In 1987. Dalai Lama demonstrated that Tibet does non belong to China through the telecasting and newspaper.

Tibet is non merely contending for the political independency but besides for linguistic communication. Actually. the bilingual instruction is non wholly aimed to learn Chinese or Tibetan. which is more for dividing the urban and rural Tibetans. Furthermore. the bilingual instruction is making a Tibetan – Chinese assorted linguistic communication. which made people neither fluent in Tibetan or Chinese. Furthermore. the building of transit. dining economic system. and developing touristry is perchance damaging the civilization and linguistic communication. the uniqueness and individuality of Tibet is bit by bit looking.

Therefore. a batch of Tibetans are non satisfied with the linguistic communication and cultural status. they fear that a transmutation to socialism society will make a spread with traditional civilization and the original linguistic communication. in the hereafter. this status will take them lose their cultural individuality. Language is the nucleus of the cultural individuality. Language can stand for the civilization of a state and the psyche of the people. Without the Tibetan linguistic communication. Tibet will lose its individuality. it can non be called Tibet any longer.

Furthermore. the Tibetan linguistic communication has a close relation to the economic system. and get the hanging Tibetan is one of the of import demands for acquiring a good occupation in Tibet. The changing of educational form is caused by the alternation of linguistic communication policy in Tibet. The bilingual instruction still can non be trusted without pursing the map of the Tibetan linguistic communication. Turning touristry and widening railroad are conveying Tibet to planetary environment every bit good as giving a rough trail for Tibet civilization and linguistic communication. Is at that place a new railroad is traveling to go through through Tibet or there is no railroad can perforate Tibet?

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